Canadian electricity emission factors by province 2024
Electricity emission factors for all 13 Canadian provinces and territories in g CO2e per kWh, from Environment and Climate Change Canada's National Inventory Report. 2024 (preliminary) figures, with every year the report publishes back to 1990 on each page.
Canada's provinces range from almost all hydro to mostly coal and gas, so use each site's own province rather than the national average (102 g CO2e per kWh in 2024 (preliminary)). For the national figure over time, see Canada's grid electricity emission factor.
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Provinces
| Province | 2024 generation intensity (g CO2e per kWh) | kg CO2e per kWh | Change on 2023 | Consumption intensity (g CO2e per kWh) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Newfoundland and Labrador | 16.0 | 0.016 | +2.5% | 17.0 |
| Prince Edward Island | 3.2 | 0.0032 | -55.6% | 265 |
| Nova Scotia | 586 | 0.586 | +2.0% | 628 |
| New Brunswick | 362 | 0.362 | +60.3% | 375 |
| Quebec | 2.1 | 0.0021 | +41.9% | 2.6 |
| Ontario | 64.9 | 0.065 | +20.3% | 73.3 |
| Manitoba | 2.7 | 0.0027 | +21.3% | 3.0 |
| Saskatchewan | 542 | 0.542 | -9.0% | 581 |
| Alberta | 335 | 0.335 | -20.4% | 346 |
| British Columbia | 16.7 | 0.017 | +0.8% | 18.1 |
Territories
| Territory | 2024 generation intensity (g CO2e per kWh) | kg CO2e per kWh | Change on 2023 | Consumption intensity (g CO2e per kWh) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yukon | 121 | 0.121 | +81.3% | 134 |
| Northwest Territories | 460 | 0.460 | +17.9% | 490 |
| Nunavut | 740 | 0.740 | -5.1% | 760 |
| Canada (national) | 102 g | 0.102 kg | -2.9% | 111 g consumed |
Generation or consumption intensity?
The generation intensity is greenhouse gas per kWh put onto the grid by power plants, and leaves out grid losses. The consumption intensity is per kWh delivered to customers: ECCC takes off electricity lost in transmission and distribution and adds SF6 leaking from grid equipment, so it is higher. For location-based Scope 2 under the GHG Protocol, the generation intensity is the closer match, with grid losses reported in Scope 3. Use one or the other for a site, not both, and say which. 2024 figures are preliminary in the 2026 report and may be revised next year.
Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Inventory Report 2026, Annex 7: Electricity in Canada, summary and intensity tables (Tables A7–1 to A7–14). Contains information licensed under the Open Government Licence – Canada (Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Inventory Report). Carbon Recycling is not affiliated with or endorsed by the Government of Canada.