Work out your RFCM electricity emissions
Each kWh × 0.448 kg CO2e, the eGRID2024 total output rate for RFCM.
That is one line of your footprint. Want the whole thing done for you?
Carbon Recycling holds every UK government factor for every year, works out each line from your bills, mileage and travel, and writes your Carbon Reduction Plan and SECR report.
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RFCM emission factor by eGRID year
| eGRID year | kg CO2e per kWh | lb CO2 per MWh | Change | Published in |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| eGRID2024 | 0.448 | 982.5 | +2.2% | GHG Emission Factors Hub 2026, Cornerstone (eGRID2024) |
| eGRID2023 | 0.439 | 962.1 | -21.0% | EPA GHG Emission Factors Hub 2025 (eGRID2023) |
| eGRID2022 | 0.555 | 1,216.4 | +0.2% | EPA GHG Emission Factors Hub 2024 (eGRID2022) |
| eGRID2021 | 0.554 | 1,214.1 | +5.3% | EPA GHG Emission Factors Hub 2023 (eGRID2021) |
| eGRID2020 | 0.526 | 1,153.1 | -3.1% | US EPA eGRID, 2020 data (eGRID2020 version 2) |
| eGRID2019 | 0.543 | 1,189.3 | -9.4% | US EPA eGRID, 2019 data (eGRID2019) |
| eGRID2018 | 0.599 | 1,312.6 | +3.3% | US EPA eGRID, 2018 data (eGRID2018 version 2) |
| eGRID2016 | 0.580 | 1,272 | -17.1% | US EPA eGRID, 2016 data (eGRID2016) |
| eGRID2014 | 0.700 | 1,531.5 | -2.2% | US EPA eGRID, 2014 data (eGRID2014 version 2) |
| eGRID2012 | 0.715 | 1,569.2 | -3.7% | US EPA eGRID, 2012 data (eGRID2012) |
| eGRID2010 | 0.743 | 1,629.4 | -1.8% | US EPA eGRID, 2010 data (eGRID 9th edition version 1.0) |
| eGRID2009 | 0.757 | 1,659.5 | +0.5% | US EPA eGRID, 2009 data (eGRID2012 version 1.0) |
| eGRID2007 | 0.753 | 1,651.1 | +5.6% | US EPA eGRID, 2007 data (eGRID2010 version 1.1) |
| eGRID2005 | 0.713 | 1,563.3 | – | US EPA eGRID, 2005 data (eGRID2007 version 1.1) |
Total output emission rate, CO2 + CH4 + N2O converted to CO2e with each edition's own GWPs (IPCC AR4 for the 2005 to 2020 data years). Location-based Scope 2. Global warming potentials for eGRID2024: CH4 27, N2O 273.
Worked example
Take a site in the RFC Michigan subregion using 200,000 kWh a year. 200,000 kWh × 0.448 kg CO2e = 89.6 tonnes CO2e, reported as Scope 2 (location-based).
How to report it
Take each site's kWh from its utility bills and multiply by its subregion's factor. That is the location-based Scope 2 figure, which the GHG Protocol asks every report to show and which large customers collecting supplier data under California's SB 253 will expect. If the site buys renewable energy certificates (RECs), you can also show a market-based figure, alongside the location-based one, not instead of it.
Subregion factors are more accurate than the national average, because each subregion has its own mix of coal, gas, nuclear, hydro and renewables. Use the national average only when you can't tell which subregion a site is in.
UK companies with US offices, warehouses or factories should use these factors for those sites rather than the UK grid factor. For UK sites, use the UK government grid electricity factor. In Carbon Recycling, set a US site's power region and its electricity is reported with that region's eGRID factor automatically. US sites, like other sites outside the UK, are on the Enterprise plan, at £99 a month + VAT for each country.
Related emission factors
- RFCE (RFC East): 0.282 kg CO2e per kWh
- RFCW (RFC West): 0.406 kg CO2e per kWh
- US national average: 0.341 kg CO2e per kWh
- United States grid average (Ember, every year since 2000)
- All US eGRID subregions