Work out your US electricity emissions
= 68.15 tonnes CO2e in 2024 (Scope 2 (location-based))
Each kWh × 0.341 kg CO2e, the eGRID2024 total output rate for US average.
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US average emission factor by eGRID year
| eGRID year | kg CO2e per kWh | lb CO2 per MWh | Change | Published in |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| eGRID2024 | 0.341 | 747.9 | -3.1% | GHG Emission Factors Hub 2026, Cornerstone (eGRID2024) |
| eGRID2023 | 0.352 | 771.5 | -6.3% | EPA GHG Emission Factors Hub 2025 (eGRID2023) |
| eGRID2022 | 0.375 | 823.1 | -3.5% | EPA GHG Emission Factors Hub 2024 (eGRID2022) |
| eGRID2021 | 0.389 | 852.3 | – | EPA GHG Emission Factors Hub 2023 (eGRID2021) |
Total output emission rate, CO2 + CH4 + N2O converted to CO2e with each edition's own GWPs. Location-based Scope 2. Global warming potentials for eGRID2024: CH4 27, N2O 273.
Worked example
Take a site in the US using 200,000 kWh a year. 200,000 kWh × 0.341 kg CO2e = 68.2 tonnes CO2e, reported as Scope 2 (location-based).
How to report it
Take each site's kWh from its utility bills and multiply by its subregion's factor. That is the location-based Scope 2 figure, which the GHG Protocol asks every report to show and which large customers collecting supplier data under California's SB 253 will expect. If the site buys renewable energy certificates (RECs), you can also show a market-based figure, alongside the location-based one, not instead of it.
The national average is a fallback. Where you know a site's ZIP code, its subregion's factor is more accurate, because US grids range from mostly hydro and nuclear to mostly coal.
UK companies with US offices, warehouses or factories should use these factors for those sites rather than the UK grid factor. For UK sites, use the UK government grid electricity factor. In Carbon Recycling, set a US site's power region and its electricity is reported with that region's eGRID factor automatically.
Related emission factors
- AKGD (ASCC Alaska Grid): 0.418 kg CO2e per kWh
- AKMS (ASCC Miscellaneous): 0.225 kg CO2e per kWh
- AZNM (WECC Southwest): 0.303 kg CO2e per kWh
- United States grid average (Ember, every year since 2000)
- All US eGRID subregions