Work out your Panama electricity emissions
= 11.06 tonnes CO2e in 2024 (Scope 2 (location-based))
Each kWh × 0.221 kg CO2e, the 2024 grid average for Panama (Ember).
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Panama electricity emission factor by year
| Year | g CO2e per kWh | kg CO2e per kWh | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 221 | 0.221 | -16.9% |
| 2023 | 266 | 0.266 | +57.5% |
| 2022 | 169 | 0.169 | +4.4% |
| 2021 | 162 | 0.162 | -10.6% |
| 2020 | 181 | 0.181 | -44.4% |
| 2019 | 326 | 0.326 | +91.9% |
| 2018 | 170 | 0.170 | -17.5% |
| 2017 | 206 | 0.206 | -16.8% |
| 2016 | 247 | 0.247 | -4.3% |
| 2015 | 258 | 0.258 | -19.4% |
| 2014 | 320 | 0.320 | +4.3% |
| 2013 | 307 | 0.307 | +11.2% |
| 2012 | 276 | 0.276 | -17.8% |
| 2011 | 336 | 0.336 | +13.3% |
| 2010 | 297 | 0.297 | -0.5% |
| 2009 | 298 | 0.298 | +12.8% |
| 2008 | 264 | 0.264 | -9.6% |
| 2007 | 293 | 0.293 | +5.4% |
| 2006 | 278 | 0.278 | +10.7% |
| 2005 | 251 | 0.251 | +4.7% |
| 2004 | 240 | 0.240 | -28.6% |
| 2003 | 336 | 0.336 | +35.6% |
| 2002 | 248 | 0.248 | -28.4% |
| 2001 | 346 | 0.346 | +64.1% |
| 2000 | 211 | 0.211 | – |
Lifecycle emissions per kWh of electricity generated in the country (g CO2e per kWh). Excludes imports and grid losses.
What Panama's electricity is made from
In 2024, Panama generated 13.4 TWh of electricity. 32% came from fossil fuels, which is what drives the factor up or down from year to year.
| Source | Share of generation, 2024 |
|---|---|
| Hydro | 53.1% |
| Gas | 20.9% |
| Other Fossil | 7.5% |
| Solar | 7.4% |
| Wind | 7.2% |
| Coal | 3.7% |
Worked example
Take an office in Panama using 50,000 kWh a year. 50,000 kWh × 0.221 kg CO2e = 11.1 tonnes CO2e, reported as Scope 2 (location-based).
How to report it
Multiply each site's electricity use in kWh, from its bills or meter readings, by the factor for the year. Report the result as location-based Scope 2. If the site buys renewable electricity backed by certificates recognised in Panama, you can also show a market-based figure, but keep the location-based one alongside it.
UK companies with a site, warehouse or office here should use this factor for that site, not the UK grid factor. From April 2027, NHS suppliers on contracts over £5 million must report their global footprint, so overseas sites can no longer be left out. For your UK sites, use the UK government grid electricity factor.
In Carbon Recycling, set the site's country to Panama and its electricity is reported with this factor automatically, while your UK sites stay on the UK government factor.
Related emission factors
- Costa Rica electricity: 24.2 g CO2e per kWh (2025)
- Honduras electricity: 322 g CO2e per kWh (2024)
- Guatemala electricity: 301 g CO2e per kWh (2024)
- UK grid electricity (UK government factor)
- Electricity emission factors for every country