Kosovo electricity emission factor 2025 (grid average, g CO2e per kWh)

Kosovo's electricity grid averaged 903 g CO2e per kWh generated in 2025, which is 0.903 kg CO2e per kWh. That is 2.3% lower than 2024 (924 g).

Updated 10 October 2026 by the Carbon Recycling team. Figures are from Ember's yearly electricity data (CC BY 4.0), checked against the published file.

Work out your Kosovo electricity emissions

KWh in a year

= 45.14 tonnes CO2e in 2025 (Scope 2 (location-based))

Each kWh × 0.903 kg CO2e, the 2025 grid average for Kosovo (Ember).

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Kosovo electricity emission factor by year

Year	g CO2e per kWh	kg CO2e per kWh	Change
2025	903	0.903	-2.3%
2024	924	0.924	+4.5%
2023	885	0.885	-6.4%
2022	945	0.945	0.0%
2021	945	0.945	-1.4%
2020	958	0.958	-0.3%
2019	961	0.961	-0.0%
2018	961	0.961	-1.9%
2017	980	0.980	+1.0%
2016	970	0.970	-1.9%
2015	989	0.989	+0.5%
2014	983	0.983	-0.6%
2013	989	0.989	-0.4%
2012	993	0.993	+0.2%
2011	991	0.991	+1.5%
2010	977	0.977	-0.9%
2009	986	0.986	-0.8%
2008	994	0.994	+0.5%
2007	990	0.990	+0.3%
2006	986	0.986	+0.2%
2005	984	0.984	+0.4%
2004	980	0.980	-1.4%
2003	994	0.994	-0.0%
2002	995	0.995	-0.0%
2001	995	0.995	+0.5%
2000	990	0.990	–

Lifecycle emissions per kWh of electricity generated in the country (g CO2e per kWh). Excludes imports and grid losses.

What Kosovo's electricity is made from

In 2025, Kosovo generated 5.9 TWh of electricity. 89% came from fossil fuels, which is what drives the factor up or down from year to year.

Source	Share of generation, 2025
Coal	88.9%
Wind	6.6%
Hydro	4.1%

Worked example

Take an office in Kosovo using 50,000 kWh a year. 50,000 kWh × 0.903 kg CO2e = 45.1 tonnes CO2e, reported as Scope 2 (location-based).

How to report it

Multiply each site's electricity use in kWh, from its bills or meter readings, by the factor for the year. Report the result as location-based Scope 2. If the site buys renewable electricity backed by certificates recognised in Kosovo, you can also show a market-based figure, but keep the location-based one alongside it.

UK companies with a site, warehouse or office here should use this factor for that site, not the UK grid factor. From April 2027, NHS suppliers on contracts over £5 million must report their global footprint, so overseas sites can no longer be left out. For your UK sites, use the UK government grid electricity factor.

In Carbon Recycling, set the site's country to Kosovo and its electricity is reported with this factor automatically, while your UK sites stay on the UK government factor.

Related emission factors

Cyprus electricity: 489 g CO2e per kWh (2025)
Estonia electricity: 317 g CO2e per kWh (2025)
Latvia electricity: 134 g CO2e per kWh (2025)
UK grid electricity (UK government factor)
Electricity emission factors for every country

Frequently asked questions

Is this an official Kosovo government factor?

No. It is Ember's independent estimate, built the same way for every country from national statistics. We know of no free official business reporting factor for Kosovo, so this is a sound, citable default.

Is this a Scope 2 location-based factor?

It can be used as one. It is the average for electricity generated in the country, which is what location-based Scope 2 asks for. It counts lifecycle emissions (including fuel supply and plant construction), so it runs a little higher than a combustion-only factor. That makes it a cautious figure, which is the safer side to be on.

Which year should I use?

The year your reporting period falls in. If that year isn't out yet, use the latest year (2025) and say so in your report.

We are a UK company with a site here. Which factor do we use for it?

Use the Kosovo grid factor for that site's electricity, not the UK one. The GHG Protocol asks for the grid where the electricity is used. The UK government conversion factors stopped publishing overseas electricity figures and now point to the International Energy Agency, which charges for them, so a free source like this one fills the gap.

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