Work out your LPG emissions
= 4.67 tonnes CO2e in 2026 (Scope 1)6.23 tonnes including upstream Scope 3
Each litre × 1.557 kg CO2e, the 2026 NGA Factors (DCCEEW) figure for stationary energy.
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LPG emission factor by NGA edition (stationary energy)
| NGA edition | Energy content (GJ per kL) | CO2 | CH4 | N2O | Scope 1 (kg CO2e per GJ) | Scope 3 (kg CO2e per GJ) | Scope 1 per litre (kg) | Table |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 25.7 | 60.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 60.6 | 20.2 | 1.557 | Table 8 |
| 2025 | 25.7 | 60.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 60.6 | 20.2 | 1.557 | Table 8 |
| 2024 | 25.7 | 60.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 60.6 | 20.2 | 1.557 | Table 8 |
| 2023 | 25.7 | 60.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 60.6 | 20.2 | 1.557 | Table 7 |
| 2022 | 25.7 | 60.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 60.6 | 20.2 | 1.557 | Table 6 |
Row as published: "Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)" in Table 8 Direct (Scope 1) and indirect (scope 3) emission factors for the consumption of liquid fuels, including certain petroleum based products for stationary energy purposes. CO2, CH4 and N2O are in kg CO2e per GJ; Scope 1 is the three added together. Energy content is gross calorific value. The figures have not changed between the 2022 and 2026 editions.
LPG for other uses (2026 edition)
| Use | Energy content (GJ per kL) | Scope 1 (kg CO2e per GJ) | Scope 1 (kg CO2e per litre) | Scope 3 (kg CO2e per litre) | Table |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stationary energyBottled or bulk LPG for heating, cooking, hot water and forklifts | 25.7 | 60.6 | 1.557 | 0.519 | Table 8 |
| Cars and light commercial vehiclesLPG (autogas) vehicles | 26.2 | 61.0 | 1.598 | 0.529 | Table 9 |
Worked example
Take a site running LPG forklifts and heaters using 3,000 litres a year. Scope 1: 3,000 litres × 1.557 kg = 4.7 tonnes CO2e. Scope 3 (fuel extraction, refining and transport): 3,000 litres × 0.519 kg = 1.6 tonnes CO2e. The NGA Factors work it the same way: litres ÷ 1,000 × energy content (GJ per kL) × factor (kg CO2e per GJ).
How to use it
LPG burnt in vehicles, boilers or equipment your business owns or controls is Scope 1. Multiply the litres used by the factor for the year. The NGA factors are per GJ of energy, so for fuel bought by the litre you multiply by the energy content as well (or use the per litre figure above, which already does). Pick the row that matches how the fuel is used: the table above shows each one.
Common mistakes: multiplying litres straight by the per GJ factor (the answer comes out 25 to 40 times too big); mixing up MJ and GJ on gas bills; counting fuel twice when it is in both a fuel card report and expense claims; and leaving out leased vehicles your business runs, which are usually in your Scope 1 under the operational control approach. The Scope 3 factor covers the fuel's supply chain and is reported separately, not added into Scope 1.
Which rules apply: the NGA fuel methods follow Method 1 of the NGER Measurement Determination; companies reporting under NGER take their figures from the Determination itself. Companies reporting under the Australian Sustainability Reporting Standards (AASB S2) disclose Scope 1, 2 and 3 emissions, and the GHG Protocol treats fuel your business burns as Scope 1. UK companies with Australian sites or vehicles can use these factors for that fuel; for UK fuel use the UK government factors.
Where to find your litres
Bulk LPG deliveries and autogas receipts show litres. If your supplier sells bottled LPG by weight (for example 45 kg cylinders), ask them for the litres or the energy delivered, because the NGA Factors give LPG per kilolitre.
Related emission factors
- Natural gas: 51.53 kg CO2e per GJ (2026)
- Diesel: 70.41 kg CO2e per GJ (2026)
- Petrol: 67.62 kg CO2e per GJ (2026)
- All Australian emission factors (NGA 2026)
- Australia grid average (Ember, every year since 2000)
- UK and other emission factors
Source: DCCEEW 2026, Australian National Greenhouse Accounts Factors, Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water, Canberra, August. CC BY 4.0. Earlier editions: DCCEEW 2025, Australian National Greenhouse Accounts Factors, Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water, Canberra. CC BY 4.0. (and the same for each year back to 2022). Carbon Recycling is not connected with or endorsed by DCCEEW; the worked examples and per litre figures are our own arithmetic from the published factors.